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North America covers an area of about 24,709,000 square kilometers (9,540,000 square miles), about 16.5% of the earth's land area and about 4.8% of its total surface. North America is the third largest continent by area, following Asia and Africa, and the fourth by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. In 2013, its population was estimated at nearly 579 million people in 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's population, if nearby islands (most notably around the Caribbean) are included.

North America was reached by its first human populations during the last glacial period, via crossing the Bering land bridge approximately 40,000 to 17,000 years ago. The so-called Paleo-Indian period is taken to have lasted until about 10,000 years ago (the beginning of the Archaic or Meso-Indian period). The Classic stage spans roughly the 6th to 13th centuries. The Pre-Columbian era ended in 1492, with the beginning of the transatlantic migrations—the arrival of European settlers during the Age of Discovery and the Early Modern period. Present-day cultural and ethnic patterns reflect interactions between European colonists, indigenous peoples, African slaves and their descendants.

Owing to Europe's colonization of the Americas, most North Americans speak European languages such as English, Spanish or French, and their states' cultures commonly reflect Western traditions.

List of North America capitals

In this part of the world, there are two countries with very high standards of living, the United States and Canada. Their large cities are often included in the lists of the best places to live in, but among the capitals, the first one is Canadian Ottawa, followed by Washington, D.C.

Of course, such travel destinations as New York, Los Angeles, Miami, San Francisco, Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal, are always ranked as the most popular among tourists in North America, but the top visited capital cities are Mexico City, Washington, D.C., and San Jose in Costa Rica.

Five most visited on the continents

Antigua and Barbuda Saint John's • Bahamas Nassau • Barbados Bridgetown • Belize Belmopan • Canada Ottawa • Costa Rica San Jose • Cuba Havana • Dominica Roseau • Dominican Republic Santo Domingo • El Salvador San Salvador • Grenada Saint George's • Guatemala Guatemala City • Haiti Port-au-Prince • Honduras Tegucigalpa • Jamaica Kingston • Mexico Mexico City • Nicaragua Managua • Panama Panama City • Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre • Saint Lucia Castries • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown • Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain • United States of America Washington, D.C.

The list includes destinations directly targeted, but if that is not possible then the nearest available destination

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